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Romans 8:32Life in the Spirit
He who didn't spare his own Son, but delivered him up for us all, how would he not also with him freely give us all things?
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Interpretation

Paul urges a gave son that is worked out in concrete decisions in Romans 8:32—look for "who" and "didn't". Choose gave son with time and attention—bind joy to obedience.

Context

Romans speaks here as epistle/letter writing, developing gave son. Read in Romans 8, its force becomes clearer. Listen for “who” alongside “didn't”.

Authorship & Historical Background

Early attribution points to Paul for Romans. Romans is frequently described this way: widely regarded as Pauline.. Scholars commonly date Romans AD 57. Romans seems aimed at Church in Rome.. The setting is the Life in the Spirit (epistle/letter). Apostolic Community is especially relevant in this line. Paul’s argument unfolds from mercy to transformed life. Occasion and letter architecture shape many readings.

More details
Traditional:Paul
Modern scholarship:Authentic Pauline.
Date:AD 57
Audience:Church in Rome.
Manuscripts & Textual Witnesses
The Greek text is preserved in more than 5,800 manuscripts, exceeding other ancient writings in manuscript count. 2nd-3rd century papyri like P46, P66, P75 provide text roughly 100-150 years after composition. Major uncial codices (Sinaiticus, Vaticanus, 4th century) contain complete or near-complete texts. The Byzantine text family represents the majority of later manuscripts. Textual variants exist but are mostly minor: word order, articles, spelling. No central Christian doctrine depends on any disputed text. Modern critical editions compare all manuscript families to determine the probably reflects the initial text reading.
Sources & witness notes
SinaiticusVaticanusP46