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Romans 3:23-24
for all have sinned, and fall short of the glory of God; being justified freely by his grace through the redemption that is in Christ Jesus;
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Interpretation

Romans 3:23-24 shows a justified that takes shape in meals and meetings—listen for "have" and "sinned". Keep justified in what we celebrate and refuse—let compassion set the pace.

Context

This passage belongs to Romans, a epistle/letter witness, highlighting justified. Within ch. 3, a small unit frames the emphasis. Watch the terms “have” and “sinned”.

Authorship & Historical Background

Long‑standing tradition credits Romans to Paul. Critical study of Romans often concludes: generally accepted as Pauline.. Date: AD 57. Romans appears framed for Church in Rome.. Apostolic Community is especially relevant in this line. The letter binds doctrine to embodied practice. Argument and structure guide interpretation across the letter.

More details
Traditional:Paul
Modern scholarship:Authentic Pauline.
Date:AD 57
Audience:Church in Rome.
Manuscripts & Textual Witnesses
The Greek text is preserved in 5,800+ manuscripts, surpassing other ancient works in manuscript count. Early papyri from the 2nd-3rd centuries like P46, P66, P75 provide text within about 100-150 years of its writing. Major uncial codices (Sinaiticus, Vaticanus, 4th century) contain complete or near-complete texts. The Byzantine text family represents the majority of later manuscripts. Textual variants exist but are mostly minor: word order, articles, spelling. No central Christian doctrine depends on any disputed text. Modern critical editions compare all manuscript families to determine the best reflects the earliest recoverable text reading.
Sources & witness notes
SinaiticusVaticanusP46