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Galatians 5:22-23Freedom & Spirit-led life
But the fruit of the Spirit is love, joy, peace, patience, kindness, goodness, faith, gentleness, and self-control. Against such things there is no law.
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Interpretation

Paul urges a fruit of spirit that is worked out in concrete decisions in Galatians 5:22-23—look for "fruit" and "spirit". Choose fruit of spirit in the use of resources—season power with mercy.

Context

Galatians speaks here as epistle/letter writing, developing fruit of spirit. Read in Galatians 5, its force becomes clearer. It also intersects spirit & new life. Listen for “fruit” alongside “spirit”.

Authorship & Historical Background

Early attribution points to Paul for Galatians. Many scholars judge Galatians as follows: widely regarded as Pauline.. Date: AD 48–55. It sits within the Freedom & Spirit-led life (epistle/letter). Here the thread of spirit & new life comes into view.

More details
Traditional:Paul
Modern scholarship:Authentic Pauline.
Date:AD 48–55
Manuscripts & Textual Witnesses
Preserved identically in Papyrus 46 and all major uncials. The list of nine fruit shows no variation in Greek manuscripts–the order and words are consistent. Some Latin manuscripts translate 'gentleness' differently, but the Greek 'prautes' is stable. The phrase 'against such there is no law' appears uniformly. This passage shows remarkable textual stability across all manuscript families.
Cross References1
  • John 15:5
    I am the vine. You are the branches. He who remains in me and I in him bears much fruit, for apart from me you can do nothing.
    CuratedAbide to bear fruit (John 15)