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James 4:7
Be subject therefore to God. Resist the devil, and he will flee from you.
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Interpretation

Submit yourselves to God; resistance begins in allegiance (James 4:7). Refuse the enemy’s scripts—make prayer your posture when pressure mounts.

Context

James speaks here as epistle/letter writing, highlighting resist devil. Within ch. 4, a small unit frames the emphasis. Watch the terms “subject” and “therefore”.

Authorship & Historical Background

Early sources associate James with James the brother of Jesus. Academic consensus for James tends toward: Likely from Jacobian tradition; debated date.. Scholars commonly date James AD 60–100. Perseverance & Witness is especially relevant in this line. Faith proves itself in work shaped by wisdom. Wisdom style and diaspora address inform its exhortations.

More details
Traditional:James the brother of Jesus
Modern scholarship:Likely from Jacobian tradition; debated date.
Date:AD 60–100
Manuscripts & Textual Witnesses
The Greek text is preserved in thousands of manuscripts. Early papyri (P46, P66, P75) from the 2nd-3rd centuries, along with major uncials like Sinaiticus and Vaticanus (4th century), provide strong textual witness. Minor variants exist but do not alter the main meaning.
Sources & witness notes
SinaiticusVaticanusP46