1 John 1:9Walking in the light
If we confess our sins, he is faithful and righteous to forgive us the sins and to cleanse us from all unrighteousness.
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Interpretation

Jesus teaches a confession that is embodied in concrete decisions. 1 John 1:9: trace "sins" and "confess". Give confession in promises we keep—steady the will with prayer.

Context

The setting is 1 John—gospel narrative, naming confession. Placed in ch. 1, the nearby lines set its tone. The nearby sentences supply the texture.

Authorship & Historical Background

Long‑standing tradition credits 1 John to John (trad.). Academic consensus for 1 John tends toward: Johannine circle.. Scholars commonly date 1 John AD 90–110. Genre and setting: epistle/letter, in the Walking in the light. This verse leans into perseverance & witness.

More details
Traditional:John (trad.)
Modern scholarship:Johannine circle.
Date:AD 90–110
Manuscripts & Textual Witnesses
The Greek text is preserved in over 5,800 manuscripts, more than any other surviving ancient work. Early papyri from the 2nd-3rd centuries like P46, P66, P75 provide text. Major uncial codices (Sinaiticus, Vaticanus, 4th century) contain complete or near-complete texts. The Byzantine text family represents the majority of later manuscripts. Textual variants exist but are mostly minor: word order, articles, spelling. No central Christian doctrine depends on any disputed text. Modern critical editions compare all manuscript families to determine the probably reflects the initial text reading.
Sources & witness notes
SinaiticusVaticanusP46