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Romans 12:12Living sacrifice & transformed life
rejoicing in hope, enduring in troubles, continuing steadfastly in prayer,
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Interpretation

Paul urges a hope and patience that is embodied in solitude and community. Romans 12:12: trace "rejoicing" and "hope". Let hope and patience through how disagreements are handled—teach the body new reflexes.

Context

This passage belongs to Romans, a epistle/letter witness, highlighting hope and patience. Within ch. 12, a small unit frames the emphasis. Watch the terms “rejoicing” and “hope”.

Authorship & Historical Background

Long‑standing tradition credits Romans to Paul. Many scholars judge Romans as follows: widely regarded as Pauline.. Date: AD 57. Romans seems aimed at Church in Rome.. It sits within the Living sacrifice & transformed life (epistle/letter). Here the thread of apostolic community comes into view. Themes unfold from greeting to transformed life through a careful argument.

More details
Traditional:Paul
Modern scholarship:Authentic Pauline.
Date:AD 57
Audience:Church in Rome.
Manuscripts & Textual Witnesses
The Greek text is preserved in more than 5,800 manuscripts, exceeding other ancient writings in manuscript count. 2nd-3rd century papyri like P46, P66, P75 provide text roughly 100-150 years after composition. Major uncial codices (Sinaiticus, Vaticanus, 4th century) contain complete or near-complete texts. The Byzantine text family represents the majority of later manuscripts. Textual variants exist but are mostly minor: word order, articles, spelling. No central Christian doctrine depends on any disputed text. Modern critical editions compare all manuscript families to determine the most likely original reading.
Sources & witness notes
SinaiticusVaticanusP46